Euclid, Elements of Geometry, Book I, Proposition 30
(Edited by Sir Thomas L. Heath, 1908)

Proposition 30
[Euclid, ed. Heath, 1908, on archive.org]

Straight lines parallel to the same straight line are also parallel to one another.

Let each of the straight lines AB, CD be parallel to EF;
I say that AB is also parallel to CD.

For let the straight line GK fall upon them.

A B C D E F G H K

Then, since the straight line GK has fallen on the parallel straight lines AB, EF,
the angle AGK is equal to the angle GHF. [I. 29]

Again, since the straight line GK has fallen on the parallel straight lines EF, CD,
the angle GHF is equal to the angle GKD. [I. 29]

But the angle AGK was also proved equal to the angle GHF;
therefore the angle AGK is also equal to the angle GKD; [C.N. 1]
and they are alternate.

Therefore AB is parallel to CD. Q.E.D.


Book I: Euclid, Book I (ed. Sir Thomas L. Heath 1st Edition, 1908)

Next: Proposition 31

Previous: Proposition 29

This proposition in other editions: