Euclid, Elements of Geometry, Book I, Proposition 2
(Edited by Sir Thomas L. Heath, 1908)

Proposition 2
[Euclid, ed. Heath, 1908, on archive.org]

To place at a given point (as an extremity) a straight line equal to a given straight line.

Let A be the given point, and BC the given straight line.

Thus it is required to place at the point A (as an extremity) a straight line equal to the given straight line BC.

From the point A to the point B let the straight line AB be joined; [Post. 1]
and on it let the equilateral triangle DAB be constructed. [I. 1]

Let the straight lines AE, BF be produced in a straight line with DA, DB; [Post. 2]
with centre B and distance BC let the circle CGH be described;
and again, with centre D and distance DG let the circle GKL be described. [Post. 3]

A B C D E F G H K L

Then, since the point B is the centre of the circle CGH, BC is equal to BG.

Again, since the point D is the centre of the circle GKL, DL is equal to DG.

And in these DA is equal to DB;
therefore the remainder AL is equal to the remainder BG. [C.N. 3]

But BC was also proved equal to BG;
therefore each of the straight lines AL, BC is equal to BG.

And things which are equal to the same thing are also equal to one another; [C.N. 1]
therefore AL is also equal to BC.

Therefore at the given point A the straight line AL is placed equal to the given straight line BC.
(Being) what it was required to do.


Book I: Euclid, Book I (ed. Sir Thomas L. Heath 1st Edition, 1908)

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