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ET7246 - Geometry and Trigonometry
Dr. David R. Wilkins
Further Miscellaneous Resources for the study of Geometry
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Geometry in Ancient China
- Chinese Mathematics (Wikipedia article)
- Overview of Chinese Mathematics (MacTutor History of Mathematics)
- Zhoubi Suanjing (Wikipedia article)
- This Wikipedia article on this ancient Chinese text contains a bibliography, with citations of general works on ancient Chinese mathematics, and also also vvarious links to websites with more detailed information on this ancient Chinese text. This text includes material, and a diagram, relevant to the Pythagorean Theorem (Euclid, I.47), known in China as the Gougu Rule. There is a link to the Project Gutenberg text - in Chinese.
- The Nine Chapters on the Mathematical Art (Wikipedia article)
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According to MacTutor, this famous text is known as the Jiuzhang suanshu.
- Liu Hui (Wikipedia article)
- “Along with Zu Chongzhi (429-500), Liu Hui was known as one of the greatest mathematicians of ancient China.” (Wikipedia, citing Needham), who lived during the Three Kingdoms period (220-280). It is clear that much of his work concerned geometrical results. An article from 2003 (An Improvement of Archimedes Method of Approximating π, by Gopal Chakrabarti and Richard Hudson) mentions that Liu Hui used a 3072-gon to show that π was approximately equal to 3.14159.
Geometry in Ancient Babylon
- Plimpton 322 (Wikipedia article)
- Probably the most famous mathematical artifact from ancient Babylon (“believed to have been written about 1800 BC”), this tablet lists, in cuneiform script, a collection of Pythagorean triples. Donated to Columbia University in the mid 1930's, there has been much discussion and analysis by historians of mathematics. Note that the otherwise very extensive discussion of the history of the Pythagorean Theorem in ancient cultures included in Sir Thomas L. Heath's commentary on Euclid I.47 makes no mention of ancient Babylonian mathematics.
Pedagogy of Geometry
- Van Hiele model (Wikipedia article)
- In mathematics education, a theory that purports to describe how students larn geometry. One might consider ET7246 Geometry and Trigonometry to be an exploration of material relevant to Levels 3 and 4. Maybe the description of Level 4, at least as summarized in the Wikipedia article, presents a somewhat narrow view of the nature of geometry as understood by practicing mathematicians? The Wikipedia article provides further reading, references and external links.
- Shape and Space in the senior primary classes. A commissioned research paper, Dr Siún Nic Mhuirí (Dublin City University)
- This research paper is linked to from the NCCA website here. It seems that a new primary mathematics curriculum for Ireland is in development. The Van Hiele Model is mentioned several times in this document.
Dr. David R. Wilkins,
School of Mathematics,
Trinity College Dublin.