What is String Theory

    String theory is one of the most active areas of research in physics and mathematics, lying at the frontier of both sciences.
In a nutshell, string theory is an attempt to solve "Einstein's big problem", namely to find a unified theory of fundamental interactions.
Any candidate for a solution must combine quantum mechanics with general relativity, and in particular it should include a quantum
theory of gravity.

    String theory is such a proposal, which grew out of early attempts to describe strong interactions in terms of extended objects. Its
main new postulate is that the fundamental consistuents of matter are not particles, but one-dimensional objects (called strings) and
perhaps objects of higher dimension (called branes). Much like quantum mechanics and field theory in an earlier era, the theory is
under active development and its basic ideas are under constant reconsideration.

    In spite of such re-evaluation, String Theory has been strikingly succesful at resolving a series of problems which have vexed all
previous attempts to formulate a consistent quantum theory of gravity. Due to enormous recent progress  in the field, it is now felt by
many physicists that String Theory might be our best candidate for a unified description of the fundamental forces of nature.

    As with other fundamental theories of science, String Theory has led to an avalanche  of mathematical ideas and results whose scope,
breadth and difficulty supercedes that of previous developments in physics.  Among such ramifications one finds novel and unexpected
methods for analyzing the dynamics of gauge theory, new mathematical phenomena (such as Mirror Symmetry) and unexpected solutions
to extremely difficult mathematical problems (a series of results in knot theory arising from Chern-Simons theory, a wealth of powerful
results in Gromov theory predicted by mirror symmetry and the rewriting of Donaldson polynomials in  terms of Seiberg-Witten invariants).

    While having such an impact on many branches of Mathematics, String Theory in turn draws on a large number of very deep results and
ideas developed independently by mathematicians. Perhaps the most striking example is the theory of Calabi-Yau compactifications of
superstrings, which relies on and reinforces certain areas of mathematics (such as algebraic geometry, enumerative geometry and homological
algebra), all of which were once thought to be of only marginal relevance to physics.


A Brief Description of Our Research

Our research concentrates on mathematical aspects of string theory and gauge theory, with special emphasis on geometric problems and
methods.

Samson Shatashvili and Anton Gerasimov work on a broad range of problems in Donaldson and Seiberg-Witten theory, special geometry,
string field theory, topological strings  and Calabi-Yau compactifications.

Calin Lazaroiu focuses on topological and algebro-geometric aspects of Calabi-Yau compactifications, Homological Mirror Symmetry, topological
string field theory and algebraic homotopy theory.

Sergey Cherkis works on string-inspired problems in differential geometry, which belong to the general area of hyperkahler and quaternionic
geometry as well as the theory of twistor spaces.

Our group is a member of the ForcesUniverse European network.



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TCD School of Mathematics